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Links for 2b. Joint-Stock Companies
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- The Virginia Company of London
      The Virginia Company of London was the first British joint-stock company created with the intent of establishing a permanent settlement in the New World. The company originally had two divisions, the Plymouth Company and the London Company, and each was given a specific area to settle. This PBS website explains why the company was formed and how membership was established. 
- Early History of Capitalism in America
      The joint-stock companies that played a role in the settlement of the American colonies are a classic example of early capitalism at work. This essay from the University of Rochester explains how the creation of joint-stock companies and colonial settlement played a large role in European trade and economics.
- Exploring the New World
      The Virginia Company of London, also known as the London Company, was created by charter and established the first settlement in America. This website from the University of Virginia provides a history of the three charters that led to English colonization of Virginia. Documents of the period, including the first charter of Virginia, are available and can be enlarged for easier viewing.
- The Jamestown Records of the Virginia Company of London: A Conservator's Perspective
      The Virginia Company of London did not send the settlers of Jamestown, Virginia on a wild adventure. They sent the group to the New World with specific instructions and with the goal of raising revenue. The original documents of the Jamestown Records of the Virginia Company have been recovered and restored as part of the Thomas Jefferson Papers at the Library of Congress. This website presents pictures of the restored records as well as the story behind the documents and the Jamestown settlement.
Virginia Records Timeline This timeline of the Virginia Records offers information and pictures of the Jamestown settlement, including John Smith's map of the colony and the 1606 charter for the Virginia Company of London.
- Richard Hakluyt: "Reasons for Raising a Fund to Settle America"
      Richard Hakluyt did not believe that settlement of the New World should be solely an economic venture, as he recognized the many benefits of colonization. He voiced his concerns and recommendations for settlement in a 1606 letter entitled "Reasons for Raising a Fund to Settle America On the value of Colonies to England." In this letter, he acknowledges the benefit of joint-stock ventures to establish permanent settlements. It is available at this University of Chicago website with other essays and documents from the period.
- Colonial Life in America
      With the backing of a joint-stock company, Jamestown, Virginia, struggled to become the first permanent English settlement in North America. This website from a history enthusiast examines what drove settlers to leave England, the role of the Virginia Company of London, and what life was like for the colonists after their arrival. It is a text-heavy website, but well worth the read. 
- The Virginia Company
      The Virginia Company, a British joint-stock company, is credited with establishing the first permanent English settlement in North America in 1607: Jamestown, Virginia. This Jamestown Rediscovery website offers a brief overview of the Virginia Company. 

Joint-Stock Companies
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